Phenylglyoxylic acid can be synthesized by oxidation of mandelic acid with potassium permanganate.
2.
The synthesis of mandelic acid starts from benzaldehyde:
3.
The alcohol ( S )-enantiomer forms an insoluble diastereomeric salt with the mandelic acid and can be filtered from the solution.
4.
Chiral auxiliaries were introduced by E . J . Corey in 1975 with chiral 8-phenylmenthol and by B . M . Trost in 1980 with chiral mandelic acid.
5.
First hydrocyanic acid is added to benzaldehyde, and the resulting nitrile is subsequently hydrolysed to mandelic acid . ( The scheme above depicts only one of the two formed enantiomers ).
6.
They measured the concentrations of styrene under the mask and the outside it ( for calculating the protection factor ); and they conducted biomonitoring ( determined concentration of phenylglyoxylic acid and mandelic acid in the urine ).
7.
In one of its steps the racemic alcohol "'1 "'is dissolved in a mixture of toluene and methanol to which solution is added optically active ( S )-mandelic acid "'3 " '.
8.
"' Mandelic acid "'is an aromatic alpha hydroxy acid with the molecular formula C 6 H 5 CH ( OH ) CO 2 H . It is a white crystalline solid that is soluble in water and polar organic solvents.
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